Other Positions Held and details:

Member, Rajya Sabha (1973-79) and 1988. 

Member, State Secretariat and Central Committee CPI (M), Harijan Welfare Evaluation Committee, Backward Reservation Committee, Kerala State Housing Board; General Secretary, All India Karshaka Thozhilali Union;  Participated in the Independence Movement; Served as civilian clerk in the Army; Later joined CPI; Detained under DIR in 1965.